Dalada Maligawa
The Dalada Maligawa, or the Temple
of the Sacred Tooth Relic, is one of the most sacred and historically
significant sites in Sri Lanka. Located in the heart of Kandy, a UNESCO
World Heritage City, the temple is revered as the holiest Buddhist shrine in
the country and a key cultural landmark.
Historical
Significance
The Dalada Maligawa houses the Sacred
Tooth Relic of Lord Buddha, a symbol of sovereignty and spiritual power in
Sri Lanka. According to tradition, the relic was brought to the island in the
4th century CE during the reign of King Kithsirimevan. It was carried from
India by Princess Hemamali and Prince Dantha, concealed in the princess's hair
to protect it from enemies. Over centuries, the relic became a political
symbol, with Sri Lankan kings assuming custodianship as part of their rule.
The temple gained prominence when
Kandy became the last royal capital of Sri Lanka. Built by King Vimaladharmasuriya
I in the late 16th century, the temple has undergone several expansions and
renovations under subsequent rulers.
Architecture
and Design
The Dalada Maligawa showcases the
elegance of traditional Sri Lankan architecture, blending Kandyan, Dravidian,
and Buddhist elements. Key features include:
- Octagonal Structure (Pattirippuwa): Originally used by royalty for public audiences, it
now serves as a viewing gallery during rituals.
- Golden Canopy:
A more recent addition, the golden roof enhances the temple's grandeur.
- Wood and Stone Carvings: Intricate carvings adorn the temple walls, doors, and
ceilings, reflecting Kandyan craftsmanship.
- The Tooth Relic Chamber (Handun Kunama): This heavily guarded chamber holds the casket
containing the Sacred Tooth Relic, which is displayed to devotees during
special ceremonies.
Religious
and Cultural Importance
The Temple of the Tooth Relic is not
just a place of worship but also a center of Sri Lankan Buddhism. It hosts
daily rituals performed by monks and is a focal point for Buddhist festivals.
- The Esala Perahera:
Held annually in July or August, this grand procession features colorful
dancers, drummers, traditional musicians, and caparisoned elephants. The
highlight is the Maligawa Tusker:a majestic elephant carrying a
replica of the Sacred Tooth Relic casket.
Visiting
the Temple
For pilgrims and tourists alike,
visiting the Dalada Maligawa is a profound experience. Visitors are required to
dress modestly, covering their shoulders and knees, as a sign of respect. The
serene atmosphere, the aroma of incense, and the chanting of prayers create a
spiritual ambiance.
UNESCO
Recognition
The Dalada Maligawa, along with the
city of Kandy, was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988. This
acknowledgment highlights its universal cultural and religious value.
The Dalada Maligawa remains a beacon
of Buddhist heritage and a symbol of Sri Lankan identity, attracting millions
of devotees and tourists every year. Its rich history, architectural beauty,
and spiritual significance make it a must-visit destination in Sri Lanka.
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